Injin Mai Cin Gashin Kansa na Amincewa: Sabuwar Tsari a Tattalin Arzikin Sarrafa Kansa

Teburin Abubuwan Ciki

1. Gabatarwa

Injin Mai Cin Gashin Kansa (DAMs) suna wakiltar wani sauyi mai canzawa wanda ke haɗa AI, blockchain, da IoT don ƙirƙirar wakilan tattalin arziki masu cin gashin kansu. Ba kamar DAOs na al'ada ba, DAMs suna ƙaddamar da 'yancin kai zuwa duniyar zahiri, suna ba da damar tsarin rashin amana don sarrafa duka kadaru na dijital da na zahiri.

2. Tushen Fasaha

Haɗuwar manyan fasahohi guda uku suna ba da damar aikin DAM.

2.1 Tsarin Blockchain

Blockchain yana ba da tushen rashin amana don ayyukan DAM ta hanyar kwangiloli masu wayo da mulkin rarraba. Hanyar yarjejeniya tana tabbatar da yanke shawara mai bayyana ba tare da ikon cibiya ba.

2.2 Yankunshin AI Mai Kafa Shawara

Wakilan AI suna ba da damar ingantawa na ainihi da ayyuka masu cin gashin kansu. Ana iya ƙirƙira tsarin yanke shawara ta amfani da tsarin koyon ƙarfafawa:

$Q(s,a) = \mathbb{E}[\sum_{t=0}^{\infty} \gamma^t r_{t+1} | s_0 = s, a_0 = a]$

Inda $Q(s,a)$ ke wakiltar ladan lada da ake tsammani don ɗaukar mataki $a$ a cikin yanayi $s$.

2.3 Haɗin IoT

Na'urorin IoT suna ba da mu'amalar zahiri ga DAMs, suna ba da damar tattara bayanai na ainihi da kuma aiwatarwa. Hanyoyin sadarwar firikwensin da lissafin gefe sun zama ginshiƙin aiki.

3. Tsarin Injin DAM

Tsarin DAM ya ƙunshi abubuwan da aka jera wadanda ke ba da damar aiki mai cin gashin kansa a cikin yanayin DePIN.

3.1 Abubuwan Tushe

• Matakin Mulki: Yanke shawara na tushen blockchain
• Matakin Hikima: Algorithms na AI don ingantawa
• Matakin Jiki: Na'urorin IoT da firikwensin
• Matakin Kadata: Ka'idojin gudanar da RDWA

3.2 Tsarin Aiki

Tsarin aiki yana bin zagayowar ci gaba na tattara bayanai, binciken AI, tabbatarwar blockchain, da aiwatarwa ta jiki.

4. Sakamakon Gwaji

Sakamakon kwaikwayo ya nuna ingancin DAM a cikin yanayin raba albarkatu. A cikin gwaje-gwajen sarrafa grid ɗin makamashi, DAMs sun sami ingantaccen amfani da albarkatu fiye da tsarin cibiya da kashi 34% yayin da ake kiyaye amincin aiki na kashi 99.7%.

5. Tsarin Bincike

Hankalin Tushe: DAMs ba kawai ci gaba ne na ƙari ba—sune kayan aiki na tushe don tattalin arzikin bayan aiki. Gagarumin nasara shine ƙirƙirar wakilan tattalin arziki waɗanda ba kawai suna sarrafa ayyuka ba amma suna da kuma inganta kadaru da kansu.

Kwararar Ma'ana: Takardar ta gano daidai wurin haɗuwa inda rage amana na blockchain ya hadu da iyawar ingantawa na AI da kasancewar jiki na IoT. Wannan yana haifar da zagaye mai kyau: ƙarin bayanai suna inganta yanke shawarar AI, mafi kyawun yanke shawara yana ƙara ƙimar kadaru, kuma blockchain yana tabbatar da rarraba adalci.

Ƙarfi & Kurakurai: Hangen nesa yana da jan hankali amma yana raina matsalolin tsari. Kamar ayyukan cryptocurrency na farko, DAMs suna fuskantar 'Matsalar Oracle' mai mahimmanci—ta yaya kuke tabbatar da abubuwan da suka faru a duniyar zahiri don daidaitawa mai cin gashin kansa? Tsarin fasaha yana da kyau, amma tsarin doka na kadaru na injin ya kasance yanki da ba a bincika ba.

Bayanan Aiki: Mayar da hankali kan ƙunƙuntaccen matakai na farko—ƙananan grid ɗin makamashi ko kayan aikin sadarwa—inda tsarin tattalin arziki ya bayyana a sarari. Yi haɗin gwiwa da hukumomin tsari da wuri. Gina tsarin gauraye waɗanda ke kula da sa ido na ɗan adam yayin nuna fa'idodin ingancin cin gashin kansa.

6. Aikace-aikacen Gaba

DAMs suna da babbar yuwuwar a fagage da yawa:

• Grid ɗin Makamashi: Gudanar da rarraba makamashi mai sabuntawa da kansa
• Sadarwa: Kayan aikin hanyar sadarwa masu inganta kansu
• Sarkar Wadata: Gudanar da kayan aikin kayan aiki daga ƙarshe zuwa ƙarshe
• Birane Masu Hikima: Tsare-tsaren gudanar da kayan aiki na haɗaka

Bincike na Asali

Injin Mai Cin Gashin Kansa suna wakiltar karo na uku na sarrafa kansa, suna gina kan juyin juya halin masana'antu da na dijital. Ba kamar sarrafa kansa na baya wanda kawai ya maye gurbin aikin hannu ba, DAMs suna ƙirƙirar sababbin alaƙar tattalin arziki. Haɗin yanke shawara na AI tare da kaddarorin amana na blockchain ya haifar da abin da masana tattalin arziki suke kira 'cikakkun kwangiloli'—yajejeniyoyin da za a iya aiwatar da su ba tare da shiga tsakani na ɗan adam ba.

Wannan bincike ya ginu akan aikin tushe a cikin tsarin wakilai da yawa da mulkin blockchain, kama da yadda ka'idojin intanet na farko suka jera akan kayan aikin hanyar sadarwa da suka wanzu. Maganar Kadaru na Duniya na Gaske da na Dijital (RDWAs) tana da mahimmanci musamman—ta yarda cewa rarraba zahiri-dijital na wucin gadi ne. Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin takardar CycleGAN (Zhu et al., 2017), fassarar yanki tsakanin bayanan na gaske da na roba yanzu yana yiwuwa, yana sa haɗin duniyar zahiri ta DAMs ya zama mai yuwuwa a fasaha.

Tsarin fasaha yana nuna ƙwarewa a cikin magance 'Matsalar Janar na Byzantine' a cikin tsarin jiki. Ta hanyar haɗa yarjejeniyar Proof-of-Stake tare da ingantaccen AI, DAMs sun cimma abin da fasahar biyu ba za ta iya ba: aikin cin gashin kansa na amintacce a sikeli. Duk da haka, takardar ta rage girman ƙalubalen haɗin kai. Kamar yadda aka gani a cikin gwaje-gwajen DAO na farko, mulkin rarraba sau da yawa yana fama da rashin sha'awar jefa ƙuri'a ko magudi. Dole ne DAMs su magance wannan yayin da ake kiyaye ingancin aiki na ainihi.

Abubuwan da suka shafi zamantakewa da tattalin arziki suna da zurfi. Idan an yi nasara, DAMs na iya ƙirƙirar abin da Dandalin Tattalin Arzikin Duniya ke kira 'tsarin jari-hujja'—inda mallakar da fa'idodin ke rarraba tsakanin masu ba da gudunmawa maimakon a tattara su cikin ƙungiyoyin kamfanoni. Wannan ya yi daidai da binciken da ke fitowa daga Shirin Kuɗin Dijital na MIT wanda ke nuna cewa tsarin rarraba na iya rage rashin daidaiton dukiya idan an ƙirƙira su da kyau.

7. Bayanan Kafa

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4. World Economic Forum. (2023). The Future of Digital Assets and Web3.
5. MIT Digital Currency Initiative. (2024). Decentralized Infrastructure for Economic Inclusion.